Batwa return to their Eden? Intricacies of violence and resistance in eastern DRCongo’s Kahuzi-Biega National Park

This article builds on debates about conflicts surrounding territorialisation for conservation. It elaborates how slow violence can generate covert resistance which in turn transitions toward forms of overt and sudden violence. Taking eastern Democratic Republic Congo's Kahuzi-Biega National Park as an example, it argues that the violent reoccupation park by indigenous Batwa communities be explained three factors: (i) failure peaceful strategies rightful resistance; (ii) increase level threats to Batwa; (iii) arrival opportunities forge alliances with different stakeholder groups.